What are the benefits of CBD oil for dogs? What are the concerns about CBD and dogs? CBD oil has become an increasingly hot topic in human medicine and veterinary medicine. Integrative veterinarian Dr. Julie Buzby breaks down the pros and cons. Get the latest facts, concerns, and benefits that dog parents need to know.
CBD oil for dogs: a rapidly changing landscape
In 2018, the FDA approved the first naturally derived CBD product, Epidiolex®, for controlling severe seizures in children. The research behind CBD oil for veterinary use is slowly growing, but the legal aspects remain complicated and messy.
Our veterinary team at Dr. Buzby’s—The Senior Dog Company has been researching CBD oil for dogs. For years, we’ve been discussing up-to-date information with veterinary colleagues, interviewing experts in the field, and attending lectures at veterinary conferences. At the state and federal level, information changes frequently. So much so, that it feels like it’s almost daily.
This near-constant updating impacts veterinarians’ ability to recommend CBD for their canine patients and discuss it with clients. Though the landscape is rapidly changing, we’re proud to share what we currently know regarding CBD and dogs.
- CBD oil for dogs: a rapidly changing landscape
- What is CBD?
- What are the potential health benefits and uses of CBD oil in canine patients?
- What are the concerns regarding CBD oil for dogs?
- Can dogs have human CBD products?
- Promising results from dog parents
- What can we hope for in the future regarding CBD oil for dogs?
- What questions do you have about CBD oil and dogs?
What is CBD?
Let’s start with the basics. Over 113 different naturally occurring compounds can be derived from the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa. The two most well-known compounds are delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD).
Different strains of the same hemp plant can have different levels of THC and CBD. Interestingly, the body (human and animal) has different receptors for both THC and CBD.
THC is the compound people generally associate with marijuana. It is responsible for the psychoactive effect, or “high” feeling after an individual smokes or otherwise ingests the marijuana plant. THC binds to CBD1 receptors in the brain—the receptors associated with emotions, coordination, movement, memories, appetite, and pain. CBD1 receptors also are present throughout the body.
THC products can be toxic in high enough doses, so they should be avoided in dogs.
CBD, on the other hand, does not have the same psychoactive effects on the brain as THC. A large portion of the receptors for CBD (CBD2 receptors) impact the immune system. When CBD binds to these receptors, it can help decrease pain and inflammation as well as trigger the body to produce its own cannabinoids, which can further decrease pain.
Limiting the amount of THC in hemp
The Farm Bill, signed on December 20, 2018, legalized the production of the hemp plant as long as it contains less than or equal to 0.3% THC on a dry weight basis. This means that hemp with less than 0.3% THC is no longer considered a controlled substance. It also means that CBD products manufactured from hemp plants are federally legal—unlike those derived from marijuana plants—even though the CBD is the same molecular compound.
Additionally, the USDA published the final rule regulating the production of hemp in the U.S. in 2021. The final rule established requirements for licensing and testing THC concentrations in hemp. The goal is to encourage growing hemp of known chemical concentrations to stabilize CBD and THC concentrations in CBD products.
Keep in mind that legality varies at the state level. As you’re probably aware, state laws regarding marijuana are changing all the time.
What are the potential health benefits and uses of CBD oil in canine patients?
CBD oil for dogs may be useful to treat a variety of health problems.
First of all, in human medicine, CBD oil is being studied and used for epilepsy, chronic pain management, insomnia, anxiety, and many other uses. CBD oil has helped reduce inflammation in some studies. CBD oil also reduces the use of opioids (oxycodone, for example) in people with chronic pain.
Preliminary research done in cancer cells shows that CBD may block the signals for reproduction in certain cancer cells. However, further studies on this topic must show similar results before we can claim that CBD is a cure for cancer.
Finally, CBD may have benefits for patients with anxiety disorders by increasing dopamine. (It is worth noting that THC has the potential to make anxiety worse by increasing paranoia.)
The following CBD benefits have studies to back them up:
1. Research study on CBD and dogs shows it may help manage seizures.
A study by Colorado State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine showed an 89% reduction in seizures in dogs with seizure disorders. The study itself was very small—only nine dogs in the treatment group and seven dogs in the placebo group. However, it does demonstrate that CBD oil may help manage seizures in dogs. Colorado State University is currently conducting a larger study to more thoroughly evaluate CBD use in seizure dogs.
2. Cornell CBD dog study shows improvement for dogs with arthritis.
Pet parents who have used CBD or hemp oils in their dogs have reported improvements in gait, sleep, and appetite. Researchers at Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine evaluated the use of CBD oil in dogs using the gold standard double-blind study. This means both the researchers and the dog owners did not know which treatment the dog was getting. Therefore, study results are more accurate from a scientific basis.
Of the 22 dogs with arthritis enrolled in the Cornell CBD dog study, 16 dogs ultimately finished the trial. Dogs received either CBD oil or a placebo oil (olive oil mixed with anise and peppermint oil to have the same scent as the CBD oil) for four weeks, followed by a two-week washout period, then the opposite treatment for four more weeks. In this manner, all dogs received both CBD oil and “sham” oil for one month each.
Dogs were evaluated based on owner questionnaires, veterinary physical exams, Canine Brief Pain Inventory score, Hudson activity score, and blood work (CBC and biochemical profile).
It is important to note that the dogs included in the study were allowed to stay on current medications such as NSAIDs (examples include Rimadyl, Meloxicam, Deramaxx, etc.), fish oil supplements and/or glucosamine/chondroitin supplements—as long as there were no changes made within the four weeks up to the study or during the ten weeks of the study. Participants also made no changes to their dogs’ diets throughout the trial period.
Study exclusions
However, Tramadol for dogs and/or Gabapentin for dogs were discontinued two weeks prior to starting the research. The reason researchers discontinued these analgesic medications for the trial was to make sure they did not interact with CBD. Some medications and supplements can have synergistic effects when taken together, meaning a medication becomes more potent when another is added even without altering the dose.
Combining medications, like CBD and gabapentin for dogs, can also increase the likelihood of seeing side effects of CBD. For example, a dog on both CBD and gabapentin may have more sedation. Researchers wanted to make sure reported side effects were actually from the CBD itself, and not from an interaction with another medication.
The study yielded two key pieces of information:
- Dogs on CBD oil showed an improvement in their arthritis symptoms compared to dogs on the placebo oil.
- CBD oil was safely used concurrently with traditional arthritis management medications such as anti-inflammatory medications and joint supplements.
3. Australian study shows CBD helps dogs with atopy.
CannPal, an Australian animal health company, conducted a double-blind study on dogs with atopic dermatitis, an allergic skin condition that often causes itchy paws, hair loss, skin inflammation, and general discomfort. In this study, 65% of the dogs who received CBD treatment had reduced itching by at least 50%. Half of those dogs had complete resolution of itching!
What are the concerns regarding CBD oil for dogs?
What are the cons of CBD oil for dogs? Is CBD oil bad for dogs? There are five concerns regarding giving your dog CBD oil.
1. All CBD oil is not alike.
Because CBD oil, whether intended for humans or pets, is considered as a supplement, products are not subject to the same tight regulations and standards as pharmaceuticals approved by the FDA. Marked discrepancies between the ingredients and concentrations reported on the label versus in the actual product can occur.
Because of this lack of oversight, CBD products can also potentially be contaminated with THC, even if their label indicates otherwise.
Three different types of CBD are available:
- Full spectrum—Full spectrum hemp products contain CBD, THC, and other plant compounds. The concentration of THC in hemp plants is quite low, but it is important to use reputable companies if you’re giving your dog full spectrum CBD oil so you can ensure they do not contain harmful levels of THC.
- Broad spectrum—Broad spectrum products contain all cannabinoids and other hemp plant compounds but do not contain THC.
- Isolate—CBD isolate hemp products contain only CBD.
CBD oil for dogs may be human grade, contain natural ingredients, be organic, vegan, etc. They may come in various formulations, such as chews, pills, oils, and even dog treats. These factors do not necessarily indicate whether they are good or bad pet products.
2. CBD concentrations may vary significantly from the amount specified on the label.
Starting in 2015, the FDA has issued warnings to certain companies for the CBD concentration not matching the labeled amount in products.
Why is this so important? When the labeled CBD concentration differs from the actual product, a dog is at risk of being under or
A study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) evaluated different CBD extracts online and allowed for the amount on the label to
Another study evaluating 29 veterinary CBD products found only 10 of those to contain the amount of CBD they claimed within a 10% margin. 2 of those 29 did not contain any CBD at all!
3. Arsenic and other toxins may contaminate CBD oils.
Depending on how it is harvested and processed and what additives or preservatives are used, CBD oils may be at risk for contamination. Contaminates include:
- Mycotoxins (a deadly toxic substance produced by a fungus)
- Pesticides
- Heavy metals including arsenic
The previously mentioned study evaluating 29 veterinary CBD products found heavy metals in 4 of those products.
Reputable CBD companies should be able to provide a Certificate of Analysis for their products. This document should include a cannabinoid profile with test results showing the concentration of cannabinoids in the product, antimicrobial analysis, pesticide analysis, and elemental analysis to screen for lead and arsenic. It is important that Certificates of Analysis are provided by third party labs.
If you use a CBD product for your dog, make sure to check the ingredients, and ensure that the product is independently evaluated.
4. CBD oil is a legal “grey zone” for veterinarians.
Although the 2018 Farm Bill allowed for the production of specific hemp products, CBD oil for dogs is still a complicated subject.
In the eyes of the DEA, marijuana (Cannabis with more than 0.3% THC) is federally categorized as Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule I substances have a high potential for abuse and no medical use. However, state governments have the authority to determine if marijuana-based products may be manufactured and sold inside their state borders.
Without FDA approval, it can be tricky to tell whether some CBD products actually fall under the category of marijuana or hemp. Remember that marijuana and hemp are the same plant, Cannabis sativa, and differ only in their concentration of THC.
The Schedule I categorization by the DEA makes CBD the elephant in the exam room, so to speak. Many of my veterinary clients with senior canine companions suffering from osteoarthritis in dogs are asking me about pet CBD oil. Currently, veterinarians may not dispense or administer CBD products, and there are very strict guidelines for even discussing them with pet owners.
5. There is no FDA-approved veterinary CBD oil for dogs.
Currently, the FDA has not approved any CBD oil products for dogs. Although Epidiolex is approved for treatment of seizure disorders in humans, this medication is not specifically approved for veterinary use.
Veterinarians are permitted to use human medications “off-label” in pets, but because Epidiolex is approved only for treatment of very rare seizure disorders in humans, applications for off-label use in animals are limited.
The American Veterinary Medical Association has cautioned veterinarians against recommending CBD oil products for our patients, since federal and state regulations of such products are evolving.
Can dogs have human CBD products?
I’m always cautious answering questions about whether dogs can take human medications or supplements. Some human products like advil for dogs, are a big NO for dogs and are a recipe for disaster. Sometimes, as is the case with CBD oil products, the answer is “Yes, but…” The caveat here, as we’ve discussed, is that CBD dosing really matters.
My fear is that well-intentioned pet parents will use human products and unintentionally give their dog an unsafe amount or a product that contains ingredients that are not safe for dogs—like xylitol (birch sugar). I generally recommend using animal-specific products or having very specific instructions from a veterinarian for using human products.
Promising results from dog parents
Anecdotally, I have seen some improvement in my canine patients whose owners have started them on CBD oil, especially in arthritic dogs. I am happy that veterinary companies are investing into quality control and research to ensure their products are safe and effective for use in dogs. Science-backed products make it easier for me to advise pet parents on using CBD oil for their dogs.
What can we hope for in the future regarding CBD oil for dogs?
As more studies indicate that CBD oil has benefits in seizure and pain management for dogs, safe and well-regulated products should become more and more available. Our hope is that there will be more oversight for product quality and control so that consumers know they are getting a pure, safe product. CBD products have the potential to improve quality of life in some dogs, and we look forward to exploring applications as research progresses.
What questions do you have about CBD oil and dogs?
Please comment below.
Hi Dr. Buzby,
It seems whenever I have a question about something related to senior dogs, you’ve done an article covering the topic! Thank you.
Our 13 year-old, mixed-breed girl MiMi has arthritis pain in her hips. Unfortunately she doesn’t tolerate Carprofen or Galliprant. We are trying Gabapentin but to be honest, it doesn’t seem to give her much relief. I realize it is not a NSAID. In your experience, if dogs are intolerant to a couple of anti-inflammatories, are all options out? Could Meloxicam, for example, be an option?
I have also been wondering about CBD oil for but after reading your article, without FDA approval or vets being allowed to discuss it, it does seem tricky. At the same time, since MiMi doesn’t tolerate NSAIDs, it would be wonderful if it gave her some relief. Ugh!
Thank you for the thorough explanation of the current situation. It was great to see Elle Vet Sciences reply to you about further testing they are doing.
Hi Ashley,
Thank you for the kind words! I understand your concern for MiMi and think it is great you are searching for ways to make her more comfortable. It is possible for dogs to have an issue with some NSAIDs but be able to find one that doesn’t upset their system. With that being said, if Galliprant caused an issue then I would suspect the others will too as it is considered the safest and the one with the least amount of side effects. There are other medications and therapies you could look into and discuss with your vet. I will attach links to other articles with lots of great information and advice from other readers. Hoping you can find the best way to give your girl relief from her pain. Best wishes and again I offer my condolences about Oscar. ♥
1. How to Relieve Arthritis Pain in Dogs: The Ultimate Guide
2. Osteoarthritis in Dogs: Everything You Need to Know
3. Natural Pain Relief for Dogs: 13 Methods
4. Dog Arthritis Treatment: 8 Ways to Help a Senior Dog at Home
5. Adequan for Dogs: Don’t Just Treat Arthritis, Slow it Down
6. Amantadine for Dogs: Everything You Need To Know
Hi Dr. Buzby,
Thank you for your reply. It is good to know that Galliprant is generally considered the safest and least likely NSAID to cause side effects. Maybe I’ll give it a try again, or at least provide it on a rotational basis with Gabapentin to see if it provides MiMi some relief without the stomach upset.
Thank you for all the links to those articles. I will definitely check them out to see what else we can be doing to help her. Appreciate it.
Thank you too for remembering our sweet boy, Oscar. We miss him every day but it was time to give him some peace. We have so many wonderful stories and memories from all our great adventures with him!
Can anyone recommend a CBD brand that has helped?
Hi Kelly,
Currently, the only brand that is approved for use in dogs is ElleVet. They do have research and studies to back up their claims. Here is a link to their website that contains links to the research articles and trials they performed on their product: https://www.ellevetsciences.com/cbd-science/
I hope you find what you need. Take care and best wishes!
Hi and thanks for this wonderful article. My question is this…have been using CBD chews from Kradle for puppy with separation anxiety. The chews are a blend of things, not just CBD. Would like to try oil as well but not sure if they can be interchanged? chews one day, oil the next? to see what works best or if it is okay to give oil in conjunction with chews?
Hi Lisa,
Unfortunately, I am not informed on all the specifics of CBD administration and combining products. I would follow the manufacturer’s instructions. So, if the CBD chews are supposed to be given once a day, then it should be ok to use a different product after 24 hours have passed. As always, if in doubt, leave it out! Wishing you and your puppy all the best!
thank you!!
I have a 15 year old Japanese Chin, she weighs 4#, after losing 1# in the last 3 months. She has sundowners and is miserable at night, but happy little girl during the day. I don’t really want to put her down, she is ok during the day. But really need something to help her at night. We have confined her to the living room, so that she doesn’t get hurt, but still keeps me up all night. She never rests for 12 hours! She makes no noise, just can’t stop pacing. We have been leaving the tv on, low, and a light , but doesn’t seem to help. Any suggestion would be helpful. We live in Washington State, but don’t know a Vet that would give us CBD oil and how much for a 4# dog?
Hi Gloria,
I understand your concern for your senior girl and think it is great you are searching for ways to keep her comfortable. ElleVet is the only brand of CBD products that are FDA approved for dogs in the U.S. You can buy directly from their website, and they have their own dosing guidelines. Here is a link to their website: https://www.goellevet.com/
As always, please talk to your vet before starting a new medication or supplement. They know the details of your girl’s medical history and can let you know if this is a good idea. Best wishes to you and your sweet girl!
I’m looking for dosing information. Cbd oil is legal in Canada and sold at our liquor stores. It is government tested for quality control so I trust the labels are accurate. I’ve recently switched the product I’ve been using because they have discontinued the one we have always used. Now I’m trying to remember how to calculate a safe dose for my arthritic 14 year old standard poodle. We’ve seen a big difference since we started using it and I want to make sure he continues to get the correct dose. The oil I am getting now is 47.43 mg of cbd oil per 1 ml of oil. My dog weighs 48 lbs. can you help me figure out the correct dose? Every website seems to have a different method of determining dose and I don’t always trust posts that are trying to sell a product. I trust the information here on dr. Buzbys toe grips.
Hi Tina,
I applaud you for trying to ensure you have accurate information and advocating for your pup. Unfortunately, it is not legal everywhere in the US to prescribe or discuss dosing of CBD oil for dogs. Also, the reason for such a wide range of recommended dosages is there have not been enough studies done to have a definitive answer for what dose is effective and safe for dogs. I think it would be best to talk to your vet and see what dose they recommend. They may have more experience with using CBD in their own patients and know how to guide you in the right direction.
My aunt rescued a sheltie years ago who she just found out has laryngeal paralysis. He’s too old for surgery she was told so will CBD help him in place of surgery?
Thank you
Hi Ashlee,
I am sorry your aunt’s dog is struggling with laryngeal paralysis. Unfortunately, I don’t think CBD oil will be of much help in this situation. It may be able to keep the dog a bit calmer, which in turn will help to prevent episodes of respiratory distress that could require emergency attention. As for the laryngeal paralysis itself, CBD oil will not be able to restore nerve function to the affected cartilage in the throat. Here are some links to other articles that may offer more information on laryngeal paralysis:
1. Canine Laryngeal Paralysis: A Veterinarian Answers Your Questions
2. Laryngeal Paralysis in Dogs: The Ultimate Guide
3. Tie Back Surgery for Dogs with Laryngeal Paralysis
4. Is My Dog Too Old for Surgery?
I have a 13-year-old boy who just had his gallbladder removed and a 14-year-old girl with Cushing’s. They’re both on Galliprant and have been for a few years. Is it okay to give each of them CBD treats during storms or long car rides? Worried that CBD impacts the liver and the impact on each of them due to their conditions. Thanks so much!
Hi Marie,
Unfortunately, there is not much information on how CBD oil affects dogs with these specific conditions. I recommend you talk to your vet and see if they have any concerns with adding this supplement to your dogs’ medication regimen. Also, if you decide to try CBD oil for your dogs, be sure to let your vet know so they can monitor their condition and help prevent any unwanted side effects.
In 2019 my 5 yr old Saint Bernard started having seizures. They were grand mall and was having several per week. A friend , who had a few seizures, recommended a New Mexico company’s full-spectrum CBD oil. I was skeptical at first and asked my vet. She said it should be full-spectrum for the benefit. My Saint had 3 seizures in one day so I decided to try the CBD oil the next day. From that day, he did not have another seizure for 15 months. Then seizures started again but only one every 14-20 days. He’s had no bad side effects from the full-spectrum CBD oil. I now also give smaller dose to our beagle that suffers from separation anxiety. I’m a believer in it. Thank you for this informative article.
Hi Jackie,
Thank you for the kind words about the article. I am glad your pups seem to be doing so well and are living their best life. I am a bit wary about the full spectrum CBD products as they contain THC which can be toxic to dogs. Make sure you stay in close contact with your vet and let them know if any new worrisome symptoms should arise. Best wishes and good luck!
Hello Dr Buzby,
first of all thank you so much for providing all the valuable information to keep our furry
kids happy and healthy.
My otherwise happy and healthy 14+ year old Lab-X (70lbs) has severe spondylosis.
For 8 Month he was on CBD oil which really made a difference for him. In March he
was diagnosed with stage 3 CKD, My Vet recommended to stop CBD oil.
Now with the wet-coast rainy winter weather I have to give him something for pain and
inflammation.
Do you have any information about CBD oil and CKD?
Thank you for your time
With best regards
Manuela
Hi Manuela,
I am glad you had success using CBD oil in your Lab. I am not sure of the specific reason your vet recommended discontinuing the CBD oil. I do know there are conflicting reports of the safety of CBD products in patients with CKD, and overall we just don’t know much about CBD in veterinary medicine. Since I have not examined your dog personally, I really can’t make specific recommendations. Also, in most states in the U.S., it is still illegal for veterinarians to prescribe CBD oil for their patients. I think the best option is to discuss your concerns with your vet. They may be able to give more insight into the medical treatment decisions that have been made. You vet may also want to begin another pain medication or anti-inflammatory drug to help with your dog’s winter weather discomfort. I hope you can find the treatment that is the perfect fit for your sweet boy. Best wishes to you both!
With my dog, he has a lot of anxiety when being left alone and for loud noises. I’ve tried some other things and they haven’t worked that well. A friend of mine mentioned CBD oil as since it helps them with anxiety, I would assume it would do the same for dogs.
Hello Callum, Yes, CBD has been reported to be successful for helping certain dogs with anxiety, but I also know of several dogs whom it has not helped. I would refer you to this company, whose chief medical officer is a veterinarian, for more info: https://ellevetsciences.com/pages/the-science
I believe you can call them to discuss your questions/concerns.
Hi Dr. Buzby, We at ElleVet Sciences, the company who did the clinical trial at Cornell on dogs with OA, are doing three additional clinical trials in oncology, seizure and post op pain management at the University of Florida. These trials are underway and we should have results in a few months. We also have studies starting in IBD and anxiety. We are doing our best to provide evidence and data in this industry!
Thank you for pioneering the science of CBD and dogs through high quality research! Hats off to your company! Keep up the great work!
Thank you for the information. I just recently talked to someone about this.
You are welcome, Sharon! We’ll post updates as laws and guidelines change, so stay tuned! 🙂
Very interesting BLOG! I have a dog with genetic inherited epilepsy, who is currently well controlled on pheno and KBr. However over the years we had many ups and downs. So I am constantly researching and working on the next plan. CBD has interested me, but I feel I don’t have enough knowledge to try it on my dog yet. I have been a member in many Canine epilepsy and also CBD oil for epi dogs groups on FB. The general understanding is for CBD to help with seizure control it does need to have not only a certain % of THC but also THCa in it. Looking forward to read and learn more in this blog. Thank you.
Thanks your your comment, Kirsy, and the additional information. I’m so glad your dog’s epilepsy is currently well controlled. I applaud you for seeking information on all the options available for helping your dog have a wonderful quality of life.
Dr. Buzby, thank you for another great article! I enjoy your blog (and have used your great ToeGrips on my dogs, too). I currently use CBD oil for my 17 year old Border Terrier who has ‘doggie dementia’ and arthritis. It helps immensely with his anxiety, his ‘sundowning’ (similar to what my late Dad experienced through his journey with Alzheimer’s) and his movements are much more ‘fluid’ when he is on the oil. He seems to be in much less pain from the arthritis in his spine. I purchase my CBD oil from a company who does third-party testing and provides the analytical results. I wanted to make certain the THC was at a minimum. Very pleased with the results.
Lois, you are a superstar! Thanks for being so conscientious about what you give your dog. Sounds like you did your homework and your dog is benefitting from a high quality CBD product! I appreciate you sharing this story with our readers. Thank you also for being a part of Team ToeGrips! xoxo
What is a trusted CBD product for dogs/cats? Can you recommend one at this time..thank you
Hi Linda,
Check out https://ellevetsciences.com/pages/the-science
I appreciate the emphasis this company is placing on science and research, and they offer a ton of educational resources on FB.
I wonder if this would benefit my boy Spikey. He’s a 12 year old Lab/Australian Shepherd mix with some kind of growth hanging from his jaw. He’s had it @3 yrs and it doesn’t hurt him,but it bleeds profusely every couple of months. We live in Clovis,NM and have the most backwards,ignorant vets you could imagine,so will not go to them. I’ve tried Manuka honey(no change),C60(Buckminster fullerene 99.95%)from the Czeck Republic(2 bottles,no immediate change,but wow,a big hunk of it came flying off after about 2 weeks of taking it. I’m giving him Colloidal Silver twice a day now. It has shrunk a lot and kinda dried out,but still searching for that miracle ☺
Hi Nikki, Sadly, I don’t think this is the miracle you’re looking for. I would strongly recommend finding and visiting a veterinarian you trust to confirm a diagnosis and discuss treatment options. His miracle might actually be surgery. 🙂
I am interested in CBD oil for anxiety in my dog. He has issues when traveling and we travel cross country each year. My concern is the safety of the oils since they are not regulated.
Hello Genia,
Your concern is valid. CBD oil feels like the wild, wild west to me right now. There are a few really good anxiety-relieving drugs for dogs available to us now that weren’t available a few years back. If you haven’t already, I’d recommend talking to your vet about options.