Dog anal gland issues (e.g. anal sac impaction, infection, rupture, or cancer) can quite literally be a pain in the rear for your dog. To help you navigate these problems, integrative veterinarian Dr. Julie Buzby gives some background on anal glands, and then explains the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of anal gland issues in dogs.
Dogs like Chester, who was driving his mom (and himself) crazy by scooting his hind end on the carpet non-stop, show up on my schedule fairly often. And more times than not, the culprit ends up being some sort of anal gland issue.
Chester was no exception. As I examined him, I discovered that he had a small hole about the size of the tip of my little finger below and to the side of his anus. This told me that Chester’s anal sac, which was probably previously impacted, had now ruptured.
Chester’s mom was very surprised to hear this because she didn’t know that there could be anal gland problems in dogs other than the glands just being full. I explained to her that there are actually multiple different anal gland problems that a dog could have. Thankfully, though, many of them can be treated, and often even prevented, with proper management.
What are anal glands in dogs?
To understand problems associated with the anal glands in dogs, it is important have an idea of the anatomy and function of healthy anal glands.
The anal sacs are two small pouches that are located beneath the skin in a dog’s anal area. Both male and female dogs have an anal sac on each side of the anus—one at approximately four o’clock, and the other at approximately eight o’clock.
The anal sacs are lined with sebaceous glands (i.e. the anal glands) that produce a foul smelling fluid. Normally this fluid builds up slightly in the anal sac. Then, as the dog has a bowel movement, the fluid exits the anal sac to the outside world via a small canal.
(Thus, strictly speaking, the anal glands line the anal sacs. However, most people use the terms “anal glands” and “anal sacs” interchangeably, so I will do so in this article too.)
The fluid that the dog releases from the anal glands is normally fairly thin and tan, and has a strong fishy odor. This smell acts as a dog’s “signature” or “name tag” in the environment. The odor is unique to each dog. And dogs use it to mark their territory and identify themselves.
When another dog sniffs the feces and anal gland fluid on the ground (or smells the other dog’s hind end), that dog will be able to “recognize” the other dog. This signature helps dogs investigate and learn about each other.
Why do anal glands sometimes cause problems?
As discussed, dogs can empty their anal glands naturally when defecating. However, sometimes all doesn’t go according to plan, and the anal gland secretions start to accumulate in the anal sacs. As a result, pressure builds up in the anal area—which can be very uncomfortable or even quite painful. If not resolved, the buildup of anal gland material can lead to anal sac disease.
4 Anal gland issues in dogs
There are four main anal sac problems in dogs—anal gland impaction, anal gland infection, anal gland rupture, and anal gland cancer. Let’s discuss each one.
1. Anal gland impaction in dogs
Anal sac impaction occurs when the anal gland secretions begin to build up abnormally in the anal glands. The exact reason this happens isn’t clear. However, there are some theories.
Expressing the glands requires applying the right amount of pressure to the glands to carefully squeeze the fluid out during the bowel movement. Typically, the physical act of defecating and the presence of the feces passing through the anal sphincter should apply the necessary pressure.
Contributing factors
However, if the feces are an abnormal consistency, having a bowel movement may not exert the right forces to empty the glands. Additionally, in some dogs, the glands may be harder to empty than normal due to abnormal anatomy or health problems. For example, the opening of the canal out of the anal sac is already very small. But sometimes it is naturally abnormally narrow or becomes narrower due to inflammation.
Plus, some conditions (e.g. allergies) can cause a dog to produce a large amount of anal gland fluid. Or the anal gland secretions may become thickened and compacted. All these factors may create a situation where not enough anal gland material may be able to get out of the anal glands during defecation.
Conditions that contribute to anal gland impaction in dogs
Thus, the following conditions may make dogs more likely to have an anal gland impaction (and subsequent anal gland issues):
- Chronic, ongoing skin infections (especially near the hind end)
- Obesity (which may reduce muscle tone)
- Inappropriate amounts of fiber in the diet
- Soft stool or chronic diarrhea
- Food allergies or seasonal allergies
- Genetic predisposition (especially in small breed dogs)
- Swollen anal sacs
Progression of anal gland impaction
If a dog has any of these conditions, he or she might be unable to fully express the anal glands. As more and more material builds up in the anal glands, the tissue may become swollen and inflamed. And the whole gland may become blocked or plugged—which is uncomfortable for your dog. Impacted anal glands also can make it difficult for a dog to defecate because there is so much pressure in the anal area.
Minor impactions may be resolved when a dog scoots or has a large bowel movement. But many dogs with impacted anal glands need a veterinarian to perform manual anal gland expression. Otherwise, if the impacted gland is left untreated, it could lead to an anal gland infection.
2. Anal gland infection or abscess in dogs
Anal gland infections can occur relatively easily after an anal gland becomes impacted. This is the case because the fluid and environment in the anal sac are ideal for bacterial growth. Also, since the anal glands are located so close to the anus, bacteria from the feces can enter the anal sac.
If the dog is unable to properly express the anal glands, the bacteria continues to grow and multiply (rather than being “flushed out” as the anal glands empty). This leads to an anal gland infection or abscess in dogs— which can be extremely painful.
As the anal gland abscess grows, the gland fills with not only the normal secretions, but also bloody fluid or pus. This adds to the pressure that your dog feels in his or her hind end. Your dog might scoot more often, whimper when defecating, or have abnormal bowel movements.
3. Anal gland rupture in dogs
As the pressure continues to build from the infection and anal sac inflammation (i.e. anal sacculitis), the anal glands become more swollen. Eventually, the infection may rupture through the surface of the skin. Once the anal gland bursts, the dog typically has a small hole near the anus—just like Chester did. The ruptured anal gland may leak anal gland secretions, blood, or pus, and have a foul smell.
While the rupture might relieve some of the pressure that your dog was feeling, it leaves your dog with a potentially painful open wound. And it exposes the inside of the anal sac to the “outside elements,” including bacteria from feces or the dog’s environment.
Left untreated, dogs with anal gland ruptures may develop irritation or infection of the anus or rectum and the surrounding skin. When this happens, your dog’s appetite and bowel movements may be affected due to the pain.
4. Anal gland cancer in dogs
While anal gland impactions, infections, and ruptures are the most common problems associated with dog’s anal glands, it is also possible for dogs to develop tumors in the anal glands.
The most common type of cancer that occurs in the anal glands of dogs is called anal sac adenocarcinoma. This is a malignant cancer that typically originates in one anal sac. However, since it is malignant, it can metastasize (i.e. spread) to other parts of the body. Usually, it first spreads to nearby lymph nodes. But it can later metastasize to more distant locations like the liver, lungs, and spleen.
Initially, the dog may be asymptomatic or show signs associated with other anal gland issues. But as the cancer grows and spreads, it becomes increasingly painful for your dog. If the cancer spreads to other locations, your dog may begin to have trouble breathing or other symptoms associated with the lungs or liver. Plus, dogs with anal sac adenocarcinomas may also develop hypercalcemia in dogs (i.e. high blood calcium). This can cause a lethargic dog, GI upset, increased thirst in dogs, or muscle weakness.
What are the symptoms of blocked anal glands in dogs?
Unlike dogs with anal gland cancer, who tend to have more systemic signs, dogs with anal gland impaction, infection, and rupture usually have symptoms that center around the anal glands themselves. Their signs may include:
- Scooting or dragging of the hind end (this is often the first sign)
- The dog licking the base of the tail or chewing under the tail
- Abnormal or strong odor associated with your dog’s rear (your dog smells like fish)
- Swelling or bulging near your dog’s anus
- Straining to defecate
- Red or irritated skin near the anus
- Constipation or diarrhea
- Decreased appetite
- Bloody or dark discharge on the feces (not to be confused with melena, which is digested blood in the stool)
- Bloody, dark, or pus like discharge in the anal area
- A small wound or opening near your dog’s anus
- Whimpering or crying out when defecating
- Holding the tail tucked between the legs
- Repeated quick sitting or reluctance to sit
If you notice any of these symptoms, especially if you know your dog has a history of needing his or her anal glands expressed, please schedule a visit with your veterinarian. Anal gland issues are much easier to treat if they are caught early—before there is an infection or rupture.
How will the vet address anal gland issues in dogs?
During the appointment, the vet will talk with you about your dog’s symptoms and history. Then he or she will examine your dog and perform a rectal exam with his or her index figure. The rectal exam gives the vet a chance to palpate each anal sac and the surrounding tissue. Plus, the vet may also be able to palpate the dog’s lymph nodes in the area with a finger.
If the anal glands are full, the vet will attempt to express them. (Some dogs are too painful to tolerate this without sedation). While expressing the anal sacs, your veterinarian will be able to tell if the gland was full, impacted, or contained abnormal discharge. From there, the vet will develop a treatment plan.
Treatment for anal gland impaction
If the anal glands were merely impacted, expressing them may be all the treatment your dog needs. However, the veterinarian will most likely also give you recommendations to prevent anal gland problems in the future. If your dog has an anal gland issue because of an underlying condition such as allergies, being overweight, or a skin infection, your veterinarian will develop a plan to address that problem.
Additionally, your veterinarian might recommend routine, scheduled appointments for anal gland expression. This can help ensure the sacs are being emptied properly, and it allows the vet to monitor the dog for worsening symptoms.
Another method to prevent anal gland impactions is to add more fiber for dogs into your dog’s diet. You can do this by changing to a different dog food or by adding a fiber supplement like Metamucil for dogs to your dog’s food. Alternatively, you could consider giving your dog some canned pumpkin for dogs, which is also rich in fiber. The goal with the dietary changes is to bulk up the stool. This can increase the chances that having a bowel movement will express your dog’s anal glands.
Anal gland infection, abscess, or rupture
If your veterinarian detects an anal gland abscess or rupture, he or she will mostly likely recommend additional treatment beyond expressing your dog’s anal glands. This may involve pain medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. carprofen for dogs) or steroids (e.g. prednisone for dogs).
Plus, the vet will need to address the infection in some way. Systemic antibiotics are one option, however, local treatment is also becoming popular.
In a study in Veterinary Dermatology on local treatment for canine anal sacculitis in 33 dogs, flushing and infusing the anal glands with an antimicrobial and steroid combination achieved clinical resolution of anal sacculitis in 72.7% of dogs. And the owners reported a resolution of symptoms in an additional 12.1% of dogs. These results were achieved without the need for systemic antibiotics.
Therefore, in some cases the vet may recommend surgically draining the anal gland abscess and/or flushing the anal sac and filling it with an antimicrobial (and sometimes anti-inflammatory) medication. Depending on the situation and your dog’s comfort level, your vet may suggest sedating your dog for this procedure.
Additionally, your veterinarian might recommend applying warm compresses to your dog’s anal gland region to decrease the pain and swelling. Or, he or she might suggest a course of laser therapy for dogs, since it has healing and anti-inflammatory properties.
Plus, from a preventive aspect, the vet may advise you to bring your dog in for routine anal gland expression or provide dietary fiber supplementation as described above.
However, for dogs with recurring anal gland issues or cancer associated with the anal sac, these measures may not be enough. Some dogs need surgical removal of the glands.
Can a dog’s anal glands be removed?
Dealing with repetitive anal gland issues can be very frustrating for dog parents and their dogs. Sometimes, if medically necessary, the veterinarian can surgically remove a dog’s anal glands. This is the case because dogs do not need their anal glands to survive and enjoy a long, happy life.
If your dog is consistently developing anal gland infections or has been diagnosed with anal gland cancer, removing the anal glands may be the best treatment plan. Some general practitioners are comfortable performing this surgery themselves. But other primary care veterinarians might refer your dog to a veterinary specialist.
Most dogs do very well after surgery to remove the anal glands. However, some dogs might experience mild inflammation and drainage from the surgical site. And occasionally, dogs can develop fecal incontinence because of nerve damage from the surgery.
If your dog is in pain, has cancer, or has chronic reoccurring anal gland problems, surgery might be the best option. But before committing to surgical anal gland removal, you should discuss all your treatment options with your veterinarian to decide what is right for your dog.
Back to Chester
After I explained anal gland issues and treatments to Chester’s mom, we decided on the best course of action. Chester’s treatment plan consisted of:
- Pain management and antibiotics
- Warm compresses at home
- Wearing a cone to prevent licking and worsening irritation
- Adding canned pumpkin to his diet
- Regular anal gland expressions at the vet clinic for the next three months
At the end of his three-month plan, Chester’s anal glands were healthy, and he was back to normal. Chester’s mom changed his diet long-term to include more fiber and monitored his bowel movements very closely. Thankfully, since then, Chester has not had any more anal gland problems.
Work with your veterinarian
Anal gland problems can be frustrating for you and painful for your dog, especially when it seems like your dog can’t catch a break. However, hopefully by working closely with your veterinarian, using preventive strategies like routine anal gland expression or increased dietary fiber, and closely monitoring your dog, your dog’s anal gland issues will become a thing of the past. And then you can get back to enjoying more good days together, just like Chester and his mom.
Does your dog have anal gland issues?
Please share your experiences below.
I discovered my Pomeranian’s right anal gland abscess after a night shift when I noticed that he wasn’t using the bathroom like he normally does in the morning also I took a look at his anal. His right anal gland was swollen and it was already slightly leaking. I accidentally pooped/drained it, cleaned the area up and did my research and instantly felt so bad. I actually consulted w a vet tech since I was/am on a really tight budget right now. I bought a couple products for the “rupture” and continuously researched and cleaned the area and putting ointment on.
I was able to find a credible site that helped me with my stress and regarding vet visits and antibiotics. It’s been 5-7 days and my Pomeranian has improved tremendously without a vet visit and antibiotics (I am planning to take him in to the vet at some point). There was an open wound but with meticulous care, it will close up! My dog’s did and I actually went and got two more products that have helped the healing process tremendously! I have been monitoring him and he has been behaving fine and occasionally uses the bathroom. The only red flag I’m really seeing from my dog is that he’s not doing his #2 business when we’re outside. I am happy that the little rupture/open wound of his is closed up and VERY close to healing. I’m definitely taking him to get his anal glands regularly expressed and giving him more fiber.
Hi Kaylee,
I am sorry your pup experienced this painful condition. I am glad to hear the ruptured anal gland seems to be healing well and your boy is slowly getting back to his normal routine. Thanks for sharing your experience with us. Hoping things continue to improve and wishing you both the best of luck!
Could you tell me the treatment products you used?
Could you share the products you used for relieving anal sac issues
My 12 yr old border collie mix had on going stinky drainage butt. He has allergies and is seen monthly for his shot so I was surprised they always said he’s fine when I mentioned his butt. Two weeks ago at his allergy shot I pointed out the two small open wounds. He ruptured both anal glands. We have finished the carprofen and are still on the antibiotic. I’m curious when the open wounds would close. I’m thinking he may also need some more pain medication as he has stopped eating the last 24 hours. He is drinking his water but may only take one bite of food. I will possibly call the vet tomorrow morning also.
Hi Brittany,
I am sorry your senior pup is dealing with chronic anal gland issues, and I understand your concern with this recent change to his appetite. I am glad you were planning to call your vet. Were you able to get an appointment to have your boy evaluated? Hoping for answers and a clear path forward with treatment. Wishing you all the best of luck!
My small mix breed mini foxy Max who is seven ruptured his left anal gland. The vet gave us antibiotics and he has one and a half days left on it. My concern
Is that the site is still bleeding. Should it have stopped bleeding by now? He went to the vets on Thursday and it is now Sunday.
Hi Rose,
I am sorry your boy has endured this painful condition. Without examining him myself, it is hard to make specific conclusions about how things are healing. I would have thought the bleeding wouldn’t be an issue at this point. Is Max licking the site or scooting his rear end on the ground? It may be best to have your vet take a look at Max once the office is open again. Hoping all is well and praying for healing.
We have a 13 1/2 year old chocolate labradoodle! He was diagnosed with anal gland adenocarcinoma. After talking to my vet, and an oncologist and a surgeon, we decided to do the surgery to remove the anal gland seeing that the tumor was very small and has not spread! A few days after surgery, we noticed stool was leaking out of the incision site which also started opening up, (which neither should have happened). We went back to the surgeon and he informed us that a fistula formed and that he can go back in a patch the hole that was causing the leaking. A few days after that, stool was leaking again! Now ,he wants to wait a week and a half to do another procedure, a rectal pull-through, to sew up the hole from the inside! I don’t know what to do! I’ve literally been cleaning leaking poop for 2 weeks! The surgical site is packed with gauze that I have to go daily to get changed! My dog is still SO happy, eating, drinking and being himself! Is this the next best thing for him (besides costing us a lot of money) ! The surgeon is now not charging us for his time but there still is cost of the surgery>! HELP!
Dear Barb,
I am so sorry you are dealing with this unfortunate situation with your senior boy. I can only imagine how difficult it must be to be constantly cleaning your house and his surgical site. What a blessing the surgeon is working with you to absorb some of the cost. I hope this next procedure will get things resolved and allow your pup to return to his normal daily activities. Praying for healing and wishing you all the best!
This was a great article! It is good to know that I need to consider a more routine schedule for my little dog to have his glands expressed. He’s been going every 2-3 months, but it’s worth it to me to consider his going in every 4 weeks until I better understand his anal sac issues. He is always full and he always feels better afterwards so I am going to go every 4 weeks for a bit and see how we do.
Thank you!
Hi Nancy,
I am glad the article was helpful, and I appreciate the positive feedback. I hope increasing the frequency of his appointments will offer more consistent relief and comfort. Wishing you both the best of luck. Keep up the good work!
We have a 13 year old curly coated retriever
Last November he started really smelling but not the smell of anal glands it was like dead flesh we took him to the vets and the vet did an examination and could only squeezed one gland the other he said was thickened and suspects cancer, we have made an agreement between ourselves we don’t want to put him through loads of tests due to his age, the vet gave him antibiotics which took smell away but it soon came back so we’re given more and worked then he has been fine since March but he started to smell again so we go back and both glands are thickened he has 2 weeks now of antibiotics that’s 4 days ago and he still smells. He is very quiet but he also has bad back legs and gets weaker by the day now, we had spoken with the vets he says when he becomes incontinent then it’s time. He still like to eat and plays at times. We just don’t know what to do for the best.
Dear Annette,
I am sorry you are facing this difficult situation with your senior boy. As long as he is not living with pain and still finds joy in his days, then it can be ok to give him more time. I do think it is better to let go one day too early than one day too late and allow unnecessary suffering. I will attach links to other articles with more guidance on how to determine when is best to say goodbye. Praying for clarity and strength. Bless you and your sweet boy. ♥
1. Using a Quality of Life Scale for Dogs
2. How Will You Know When It’s Time to Euthanize Your Dog? 5 Caring, Heartfelt Messages
3. Dog Euthanasia: Knowing When to Say Goodbye
4. Preparing for Your Dog’s Euthanasia: 10 Thoughts for Peace
My 2 1/2 year old chocolate lab did some counter surfing, swallowed a wine cork ( whole) and required emergency surgery to remove it. For a couple of weeks, he did fine, but then he started licking his rear, holding his tail between his legs and isolating. We have had several dogs in the past, and never had a dog with anal gland issues before, so we had no idea what we were dealing with. We were able to get an “urgent” appointment to have him seen, and after a long time and a lot of money, the dog was diagnosed with overful anal glands probably due to a change in bowel movements after his surgery. Although both glands were full, the vet expressed the left since the dog was sy.ptomatic on that side, and sent us home with instructions to place warm compresses on the left side and add pumpkin to his food. The first day, he was fine, but the second day, I saw an opening to the left side of the anus.I never saw drainage nor smelled fishy odor. I assume I now have a dog with a ruptured abscess. Should the gland have ruptured after being emptied 2 days previously? Should I call for an oral antibiotic order or continue to treat with compresses and add triple antibiotic ointment? Should I worry about the right gland? At what point do I bail on home care and return to the vet’s? Thank you for your time and care.
Hi Susan,
I am sorry your young Lab has been through so much over the past few weeks. It does sound like the left anal gland has ruptured and I do think it would be best to call your vet for advice on how to proceed. It can be very hard to express every bit of material out of these glands. My suspicion is there may have still been tiny amount of material in the left gland and then the warm compresses brought it to a head. I do usually prescribe oral antibiotics for ruptured anal glands. I am certain your vet will be able to help you navigate this situation and get your boy back to living his best life in no time. Take care and keep up the good work.
My 6year old female mixed breed dog has had anal gland issues forever. When we go to the vet and have them emptied she scoots two minutes later and never stops scooting. We were told a couple of years ago that her one gland is fibrosed and that was a good thing and hopefully the other one will too?
We go to a small farm vet- very low key. Do I need another opinion or have you heard of that happening and it being a good thing?
Thank you!
Hi Beth,
I am sorry your girl has ongoing issues with her anal glands. It is possible for the tissue around the gland to become scarred and cause it to contract. This might prevent it from filling. I am not sure if that is the case with your pup and I also am not sure if this could cause any negative issues in the future. If you have any lingering concerns, I recommend you seek a second opinion as it is hard to offer specific advice without examining your dog myself. Hoping your girl will continue to thrive and wishing you all the best in the future.
My girl is not overweight and shes medium sized (15kg) poodle mix and 3,5 years old,
Its really hard to find vets to check anal glands in brazil! but I found one who checked and said one side was compacted, it was a very painful procedure for my dog. she doesnt react when vets take temperature etc though.
she has periods (like that last few days) where she is licking herself like crazy, not scooting but the licking comes on suddenly and she is crazy. she eats a lot of fibre in home cooked food and never has diareah. her poos are always small and firm and its rare i see her straining.
I always think she doesnt poo much (once or twice a day) and they are quite small for her size. Ive tried a few vets close by but they dnt want to even look or feel and the woman vet had very long fake nails! the vet that looked before is sadly 600km away now.
Im really worried about this, her anus looks ok but its really hard to see well as she is so hairy!
Ive tried to feel myslelf after watching many videos and reading a lot but I couldnt feel anything at all and nothing like a grape or bluberry… from the outside feels fine but I can feel her bones like her anus is slightly inverted . she doesnt make a drama when I do this as she trusts me and I alwasy do it in a warm shower and relaxing enviroment.
in the last 2 months shes had full blood tests and stomach ultrasound which were all perfect. doesnt have any alergies and eats a good diet of different meats, vegetables inc pumkin and sweet potatos plus some omega 3 supliments and chia seed gel always cooked fresh, her fur grows fast and is in very good conditon but im really worried about this anal gland thing as ive also noticed at the times shes licking and being like this she also gets neurotic and sees,smells and barks at things that are not there.
sorry for the long message…. any advice would be welcome and thank you.
Hi Angela,
I am sorry your pup is having these ongoing issues with her anal glands. I understand your concern and wish I had some great advice to offer. But unfortunately, without examining her myself, it is hard to make specific recommendations. Some dogs just continue to have problems with this despite our best efforts. If you can get her anal glands checked again that would be best. Also, it is good to rule out the possibility of intestinal parasites. Some parasites are microscopic so just because you don’t see anything in her feces doesn’t mean they aren’t present and contributing to the problem. Hoping for answers and a clear path forward with treatment. Wishing you and your sweet girl all the best!
Tucker is a 6 yr old boxer mixer. He had a one time bout of diarrhea and vomiting about a week ago which cleared up with boiled chicken and rice, then all of a sudden he goes to the bathroom and returns inside scooting (which he never does) and we let him out again …watching through the window we see him scooting hard and panicky so I go outside to see blood and pus beside his bum. We take him to the emergency vet which is a struggle in itself because he doesn’t do well and needs to be sedated just for a visit. Turns out he ruptured his anal gland! No warning, no problems? We have them do the procedure of flushing. and expressing and antibiotics and prednisone and then are told that his felt off. She could feel a mass! The prednisone is suppose to help with inflammation so she can feel it better it two weeks so we are hoping and praying she is wrong. This will be our 4 th dog with cancer and our cat! Could this be food related..we have always fed from the same company just different recipes?! My heart is broken and I feel responsible. Anyone else notice the same?
Dear Lee,
I am so sorry you are facing this potential cancer diagnosis in your Boxer. Unfortunately, this breed is genetically prone to developing cancer at a much higher rate than some others. Also, with more advanced medical care, pets are living longer, and cancer is something that occurs more often in senior and geriatric pets. I would not assume this is a diet issue, but it may be worth discussing nutrition with your vet to see if they think you need to make any changes. Hoping you received favorable results at the recheck appointment. Praying for healing and many happy days ahead for your sweet boy.
Please don’t feel responsible, Lee — I have had three of my sweet dogs in a row die of cancer – Jake was a young stray lab mix when we found him on the streets and he was about 10 or 11 when he had to be ‘put down’ from very painful cancer, the other was my gorgeous Kayla a German shepherd mix that I had since a tiny puppy until she was 12 when she died on the operating table, and finally there was Maggie, the youngest at only 7 years old –the unfairness!–that I got at a local shelter when she was about 4 years old and she passed naturally in her favorite spot on the porch — all three had cancer and all three did not make it – two spleen & liver and one started in the bone of the leg.
It is nothing you did or didn’t do. As horrible as it is, these things are random and terrible and I know it seems unfair since other people have dogs who are rarely sick and becoming very old and pass naturally from old age. My Bear, a ‘rescue’ I took from someone who didn’t want him any more, was 3 and is now about 13 and though no cancer, he has a lot of health issues now, including going through another bout of painful anal gland infection 🙁
You love those babies best you can. Do the best you are able. And do not feel responsible for what is the unfortunate randomness of life. I have to tell myself sometimes that these sweet ones were ‘sent’ to me so I could give them a safe loving home for as long as they are with me. Bear will be my final sweet baby as it breaks my heart too much.
Good luck to you and to your baby.
Dear Kat,
Thank you for offering such loving advice and encouragement to others. This is exactly what the blogs and comments were intended for… to build community and support each other. Wishing you all the best as you continue life’s journey and praying for Bear. ♥
My lab recently had her 1st heat starting 2/29. She finally stopped bleeding about 3 to 3.5 weeks later. She did have some fullness to her anus toward the end of her heat but eventually it went away. She was spayed on 4/2. I’ve noticed now several times since she’s been spayed, that horrid ‘fishy’ smell and occasionally some white dried fluid on her backside. She also left about a quarter size amount of this smelly stuff on my leg while she was cuddling on my lap.
She is NOT scooting at all or bothering with her backside at all. Although she is still wearing the cone from her spay, as it got a bit infected and the stitched pulled apart very slightly. She is on several meds at the moment, trazadone, gabapentin and an antibiotic.
Any reason this is happening, or will it ever stop?? Not sure how much longer I can take the stench.
Thank you!
Hi Sara,
I am sorry you are dealing with this troublesome issue in your Lab. I understand your concern and agree something isn’t right for her to be expressing her anal glands so often. The first step to finding a solution is to have your vet evaluate your pup. They will need to do a rectal exam and see if the glands feel swollen or impacted. Resolving this may be as easy as adding some fiber to your dog’s diet, but you have to rule out other more serious medical causes first. Hoping for quick answers and a clear path forward. Best wishes and good luck!
Try those surgical onesies – they help cover up the site – I put one on Bear after his abdominal surgery last year and he is wearing one now for the drainage that is happening on his backside- I clean him with warm soft cotton disposable towels (disposable so they are sanitary) and then put on the onesie.
It worked beautifully to protect his belly after surgery but these cover their belly and their backside if you buy the surgical onesies–they have them with padding or diapers you can put inside too though mine doesn’t have those..
My lab/Pitt mix has had issues with anal glands since he was a pup. I would have to get them expressed once every other month sometimes every month which was very difficult and costly for me being that I live on my own, paying all my own bills and the vet is a 30 min drive from the house and as a teacher the only day that really worked for me to bring him in would be Saturdays which were always full of appointments…anyway longer story shorter…he has now been on apoquel for years as well as prescription diet of hydrolyzed food. His stools are firm and I have smelt and seen the stains on my floor when his anal glands do express. He recently had a bath and for 2/3 days after his bath he was having diarrhea (I attribute this to him possibly drinking some of the soapy water 🤷♀️) but as his stool started to firm up I noticed discharge/pus around his anus so we went to the vet. She expressed the right one but couldn’t find the left one?!? So she thinks it ruptured inwards. She prescribed 5 days of pain med, Rimadol or something that started with an R and 10 days of antibiotics. The swelling seemed to have gone down but we have 2 days left of antibiotics and it looks like the swelling is coming back and there is more pussy crust around his anus again. We have a follow up with the vet on May 4th but I am worried and wondering if I should bring him back to the vet before then? I’m afraid it could get worse in the next 3 weeks before we get to our follow up.
Hi Kaylyn,
I am sorry your boy is having these chronic issues with his anal glands. If you are seeing signs of active or worsening infection, then I definitely would not wait to have your pup examined. Hoping all is well and he was able to make a full recovery. Feel free to leave an update if you have a chance.
My dog has has reoccurring anal gland issues – she gets them emptied often.
Today out of nowhere she leaped up in pain, and I noticed liquid, the same liquid in her glands based on the look and smell, coming out of her bum. She’s clearly in pain but as she’s already on antibiotics for another issue, the vet said we wouldn’t need an emergency appointment but to come in tomorrow.
She’s clearly in pain, it was like an explosion. I expressed as much as I could out but it happened again, then another time but with no liquid. She’s finally settled now but I’m still concerned in case we’re not going to vets asap if we should be
Any advice on what this could be
Hi Mikaila,
I am sorry your girl experienced this painful and worrisome issue. Without examining her myself, it is hard to make specific conclusions. It sounds like one of her anal glands may have ruptured or could be on the verge of rupture. Hoping you were able to get her in for an appointment with your vet and everything is back on track. Best wishes and good luck!
Roo is my 3 year old chihuahua weighing in at barely 5lbs. I am at my wits end in tears Becasue this seems like a never ending issue. He just had another abscess rupture (same time last year)and it was cleaned out by the vet. This time he was put on oral antibiotics and topical antibiotic ointment as well as pain meds and steroids. I let him free roam around the house and by scooting he opened another hole next to his previous incision. It looks like a crater next to his rectum. He is continuously leaking not only the fishy odor brown discharge but stool as well. I now have him in a large dog crate and his medications were switched. Different antibiotics and trazodone to keep him calm. He is miserable I need to throw my whole house away at this point from the mess and I just want him pain free and better. I’m worried this will never heal. It’s much worse than last time and I feel awful like I’m not doing enough for him. I’m so lost and feel like if it gets worse he could get a bad infection and may not make it. Is that a possibility?
Hi Natalie,
I am sorry you are dealing with this terrible situation with your little pup. While your dog’s risk is very low, it is possible for a dog to become septic from unresolved infection which can then lead to a fatal outcome. Since your boy is having chronic issues with his anal glands, it may be time to ask for a referral to a specialist. They can go over all the treatment options (including surgery to remove the glands) and help guide you toward the best choice for your boy’s specific situation. Hoping you can find a solution and improve your quality of life as well as Roo’s. Best wishes and good luck!
My 6 almost 7 year old beagle has a ruptured anal gland right now I believe. He shown no symptoms at all except scooting and when we check his behind, there is a small hole where is anal gland is according to picture on web page. There was no foul smelly fluid, no abnormal poops or pain with poops and today was the only day he scooted. I am waiting for vets to open but I’m scared and don’t know how to help him.
Hi Beagle loving momma,
I am so sorry you are dealing with this issue with your Beagle. I know you are worried, but I promise it looks worse than it actually is. It would be ok if you wanted to gently clean the area with water. Your best bet is to keep your boy inside and as calm as possible until you can get his to the vet. While a ruptured anal gland needs to be addressed promptly, it is not an emergency, and your boy should be fine if you have to wait a few hours for the vet to open. Hoping all is well and you were able to get things taken care of. Feel free to leave an update if you have a chance.
Cooper 1 1/2 years
He needs his anal glands expressed every 2-3 weeks
My vet is suggesting Apoquel
We feed taste of the wild grain and cooked beef. Cooper is 20 pounds energetic happy but extremely fearful. I think that is where the problem comes from , he’s come along way
Would Apoquel help?
Carolyn
Hi Carolyn,
I am sorry you are dealing with chronic anal gland issues in your young dog. Without examining Cooper myself, I can’t make specific conclusions or recommendations. I can say that I am not familiar with using Apoquel for this purpose and could not speak to its effectiveness. In my experience, I have had good success with increasing the fiber content in a dog’s diet to help promote natural emptying of the glands with defecation. Most people will use a small amount of pumpkin to achieve the needed fiber content. Here are articles with more information:
1. Dog Anal Glands: Everything Your Vet Wants You To Know
2. Canned Pumpkin For Dogs: A Veterinarian’s Guide
If you have any lingering concerns, please don’t hesitate to discuss them with your vet. Hoping you can find the best way to keep Cooper happy and healthy for many years to come. Best wishes to you both!
I have a 4-5 y.o. long haired chihuahua, and my poor Rascal constantly has issues with his anal glands. The problem is he shows no signs if discomfort until there is a rupture. I have taken him to vets and groomers to be expressed only for them to tell me the sacs are empty, $75 dollars later. my question is can I treat the rupture at home? When I take him in for emergency appts because of the rupture. they drain it, and then send him home with ointment and carprofen.
Hi L.,
I am sorry Rascal has been dealing with recurring anal gland issues. I have had patients that are exactly like you describe and show no symptoms prior to the rupture of a gland. I am not sure how successful it would be to treat a ruptured anal gland at home as one of the most important things is to express any remaining fluid/material from the affected gland. This can be challenging even for me and other vets that have had lots of practice with this exact situation. Have you thought about trying to increase the amount of fiber in Rascal’s diet? Adding some pumpkin or Metamucil daily has the potential to prevent future anal gland problems in some dogs. It could be worth a try, but as always please discuss this with your vet first. Wishing you and your sweet boy all the best and praying you can avoid this worrisome event from occurring in the future.
My sons springer spaniel has had anal gland issues for years. He would lick 24/7 if he let him. We have to put a head cone on him when not supervised. Vets are helpless to us. They put him on Trazadone which helps his anxiety. He is miserable. I feel bad for him. looking for help.
Hi Ernest,
I understand your concern for your son and his pup. It sounds like it may be time for more in-depth investigation to determine the cause of this ongoing issue. I recommend you ask about a consultation with a specialist. They can give you all the testing and treatment options and help guide you along this unknown path. Some dogs end up needing to have the anal sacs flushed with antibiotics or even have them surgically removed. Hoping you can get some answers and ensure your son’s dog can get back to living his best life.
My senior dog has regular, healthy bowel movements, but recently, blood was observed after one of her bowel movements. The vet advised there was an abscess and conducted anal gland expression on her left gland, and then prescribed her antibiotics. 10 days have passed, but once again, some blood has been observed after her bowel movement.
Hi A concerned dog mama,
I understand why you are concerned with the presence of blood in your dog’s feces. Unfortunately, without examining your pup myself, it is hard for me to make specific conclusions or recommendations. There are SO MANY possible causes, this really needs more investigation. I encourage you to reach out to your vet and make sure they are aware of this ongoing issue. Hoping you can get the answers you need to restore your girl’s health and well-being.
My 3 yr GSD has an issue for 3 -4 weeks and we are stumped. Started off with licking her butt. Then I noticed a light brownish discharge. Took her to vet and she determined anal glands were not full. My dog is acting normal as can be. Eats well, Wants to go out and play and no weird smells but discharge still there. Took her to vet again and saw her regular vet. She did express glands a little but no bad smell. I had been putting a diaper on her so I could see the amount of discharge. Wasn’t alot to begin with but now less but still there. She has not been licking either.. Dr can’t pinpoint it and thinks it may be allergies. Started her on. APOQUEL.. I tried for a few weeks but still has some but less discharge. I am not convinced allergies.. What the heck is this discharge? We cannot figure it out.
.
Hi Lori,
I am sorry your young dog is having these strange issues and I understand why you are concerned. Of course, without examining her myself, I can’t make specific conclusions. But one thing that comes to mind is that Shepherds are predisposed to forming perianal fistulas also known as anal furunculosis. This is a chronic inflammatory disease that is suspected to be related to immune system dysfunction. It can look very similar to an anal gland issue but is not related. Here is an article with more information (see #2): Furunculosis in Dogs: 3 Types That Can Affect Your Dog
I encourage you to discuss this with your vet and don’t be afraid to ask for a referral to a specialist if needed. Hoping you can get some answers and restore your sweet girl’s quality of life. Wishing you both the best and feel free to leave an update as things progress.
My dog is currently experiencing her first ruptured anal gland. It’s late Friday night and all vet clinics are close until Monday. I’ve given her a warm compress and tried dabbing away some of the pus afterwards, but I’m hoping there’s more I can to make her weekend a little more comfortable. Is there any way to stop the pus?
Hi Breanne,
I am sorry your pup is experiencing this painful situation with her anal gland. You actually need all the infection and fluid to drain out. The anal sac ruptured because it was over filled due to inflammation or infection. I am not sure there is much you can do at home other than to keep the area clean. I recommend you take your girl to your vet as soon as possible. Hoping it will heal quickly and wishing you both all the best.
Hi my westie had his anal gland removed 5 weeks ago and it is still oozing from the surgery wound. I took him back to vet last week and he put him on antibiotics but after finishing the course he is still oozing. Is this normal after 5 weeks to still ooze.
Hi Christine,
I am sorry your Westie is having these worrisome complications. Without examining your pup myself, it is hard to make specific conclusions. But it does seem odd for there to still be drainage after finishing the course of antibiotics. Please make sure your vet is aware of this ongoing issue. It may be time for more in-depth investigation. Has cancer been ruled out as a possibility? It may be time to schedule a consultation with a specialist or see if surgical removal of the anal sac is warranted. Hoping you can get some answers and praying for a positive outcome.
Hi,
My 7 yr old Havanese had an anal gland abscess on 12/23 that burst and was on antibiotics until Feb. The infection finally cleared but the hole will not close. It’s now been 2 months. She’s had a cone this entire time. Though infection has been cleared for 3 weeks, why won’t the hole close and what can I do next? Vet said to try and avoid removal. Thx
Hi Kim,
I understand your concern for your pup, but without examining her myself, it is hard to make specific recommendations. It may be that the tissue where the rupture occurred has scarred and the hole may remain even though the wound has healed. If you remove the cone, does your dog try to lick or bother the affected area? It could be helpful to schedule a consultation with a specialist. They can evaluate your girl and let you know if any further treatment is needed. Hoping you can get some answers and ensure your girl makes a full recovery. Best wishes and good luck!
We are having the exact same with our poor dog, she’s been in a cone since December and the open cuts won’t heal- they look like open slits, I can’t actually see how they will heal after all this time- we just don’t know what to do but I really feel your and your dog’s pain Kim!
Dear Caroline,
I am sorry your dog is having this same issue. As long as your vet has ruled out the possibility of cancer, it could be helpful to try laser therapy on the affected areas. Laser therapy can improve blood flow and speed up the healing process. I have seen it do wonderful things for wounds and infected tissue. Don’t forget it is always ok to ask for a consultation with a specialist or pursue a second opinion. Wishing you and your pup the best of luck and praying for a positive outcome.
My 20 mo wire fox terrier had her annual gland to rupture last Thursday and received a steroid shot and has been on antibiotics since (Sunday. She will be done). She’s back to normal and playing BUT my husband just checked and it’s red, swollen and some puss now. She’s under bed. I checked her last night & it was fine! Vet can’t get to her until morning. Is she Safe? This scares me.
Hi Joyce,
I am sorry your young dog is having issues with her anal glands. While this definitely needs to be addressed promptly, I am not sure it is an emergency situation. As long as your girl is active, eating and drinking, and using the bathroom normally, it is probably safe to wait until morning to take her to the vet. Hoping all is well and wishing you both the best of luck!
I take my 11+ yr.old mini doxie in for nail clip ev. 6 was. Ev. other visit I have his anal glands expressed. Yesterday he saw a vet new to us. She took a long time and was obviously hurting him. She said she thought he had an obstruction. All afternoon and all nite he was frantically licking back there and going in and out trying to poop. Today that has decreased, but he’s got a big raw spot back there and still licking. Placeing my hand lightly over his rear under his tail I feel a good sized bulge, which frightens me. Vet receptionist said they’re full so wait time Mon. to bring him in!
Hi Renee,
I am sorry your little guy is painful and having issues with his anal glands. Without examining your pup myself, it is hard to make specific recommendations. It sounds like the vet was correct and there is probably an obstruction to one of your dog’s anal glands. When they become severely impacted you can see the bulge from the outside. This will be painful to your pup and cause him to lick at the area. If the impacted gland continues to enlarge it can eventually rupture. Just before rupture, you can usually see a red area of very thin skin adjacent to the anal opening. This may be the “raw spot” you are describing. A visit to your vet would be a good idea. Hoping you can get an appointment first thing Monday morning.
I have a miniature dachshund. Gus is almost 17 years old. He has had anal gland issues for several years. This past Spring, I was told he has nodules on the right side. My vet feels that due to his age, he is not a good candidate for surgery and the nodules have grown. We are constantly battling the left side anal gland rupturing.. if I ever have another dachshund, I will consider having the anal glands removed when the dog is spayed or neutered.
Hi Teri,
I am sorry Gus has endured so many issues with his anal glands. Hopefully you will not have to deal with this difficult situation in the future should you find yourself blessed with another Dachshund. Gus is a lucky boy to have you advocating for his health and well-being. What a blessing to have spent almost 17 years together! Wishing you both the best for many happy days ahead. ♥
I have two dogs and all of the sudden one is feeling, let’s say humpy. He won’t leave my other guy alone and keeps licking his anal area as well as trying to mount him. Other than that my victim dog has shown no signs of anal problems. No scooting, no issue pooping, no licking himself, healthy appetite. It has been a week and I am not sure which dog needs help!
Hi Ann,
I understand your concern with these new mounting behaviors between your dogs. Without examining them myself, I can’t make specific conclusions. But in general, I would assume this is a behavioral issue with your dog and probably not a medical issue for the other pup. How old is your dog? Has he been neutered? While this behavior could be hormone driven, mounting can also be a way to establish dominance within dog relationships. I encourage you to discuss this with your vet. They can help navigate the issue and offer solutions if needed. Take care and good luck!
I was enjoying my reading untill this last comment made me sad. Really? Dominance? In 2024? Nowadays we (should) know mounting is not dominance. It can be e.g. frustration, stress, pain/discomfort, play… But not dominance. It is very old school (and misleading) to say that.
Hi Shirley,
I am sorry to have disappointed you with my reply to Ann. Maybe it was a poor choice of wording on my part. I agree that mounting can be due to stress, anxiety, frustration, and sometimes even medical causes (prostate inflammation/infection). But I am also certain that this can be a social behavior to help establish relational boundaries between dogs. Thank you for bringing up this important topic. Best wishes!